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Verification, see also Determination
In order for CDM projects to have a formalised validation of an emission reduction stream, a recognised independent third party must confirm that claimed emissions reductions activity has occurred.
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Verified Emission Reductions (VERs)
VERs are generated by small scale projects, which are assessed and verified by third party organisations rather than through the UNFCCC.
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Voluntary Market
Voluntary markets for emissions reductions cover those buyers and sellers of Verified Emission Reductions (VERs), which seek to manage their emission exposure for non-regulatory purposes.